RESOURCES > FAQ > Diagnosing infertility

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When is an infertility evaluation needed?
How can a couple lower their risk for infertility?
How is infertility diagnosed?
What tests are used to diagnose infertility in men?
What tests are used to diagnose infertility in women?

When is an infertility evaluation needed?

Couples may need an infertility evaluation when:

• They have been trying to conceive for a year or more without success
• The woman is aged 30 or older and has had unprotected intercourse with her partner for six months without getting pregnant
• The woman has irregular menstrual cycles, pain during intercourse, or other gynecological problems

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How can a couple lower their risk for infertility?

Both men and women can take steps to lower the risk for infertility:

• Exercise moderately.
• Avoid body weight extremes.
• Avoid high levels of stress.
• Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs.
• Receive appropriate treatment for long-term medical conditions.

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How is infertility diagnosed?

The first step for both partners is a physical examination, which may be followed by a blood test to determine hormone levels. The doctor may ask about the following:

• Health history
• Medications
• Sexual habits
• Menstrual cycle

Couples may also undergo postcoital testing (lab tests performed soon after intercourse) to evaluate how the sperm interacts with cervical mucus.

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What tests are used to diagnose infertility in men?

Men will be asked for a specimen of ejaculated semen, which will be analyzed for sperm quantity and the presence of infection or blood. The lab will note any abnormalities in the shape and movement of the sperm.

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What tests are used to diagnose infertility in women?

Women will have a gynecologic exam that may be followed by several other procedures or monitoring, including:

• Pelvic exam. An examination of a woman’s reproductive system, externally and internally, performed to determine if there are cysts, fibroids, or other abnormalities
• Hysterosalpingogram. An X-ray that evaluates the condition of the uterus and fallopian tubes
• Laparoscopy. A procedure that examines the pelvic cavity to identify endometriosis, scarring, and blockage, or irregularities of the fallopian tubes and uterus
• Basal body temperature monitoring. Women may be asked to take their temperature every morning with a special thermometer to note a temperature increase of about 0.5 to 1 degree Fahrenheit, which is associated with ovulation, or the release of an egg.
• Cervical mucus monitoring. Women also may be asked to monitor changes in their cervical mucus throughout the menstrual cycle to determine when ovulation is occurring.

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Information provided here does not constitute professional medical advice. Although it is intended to be accurate, neither Walgreen Co., its subsidiaries or affiliates, nor any other party assumes liability for loss or damage due to reliance on this material. If you have a medical question, consult your medical professional.